Top Common Heart Issues in India: Why Are They So Common?

Modern and urban life in India is leading to a rise in cardiac health issues, especially in people aged between 20 and 50 years. Statistical data revealed by the Best Hospital for Heart Surgery in Delhi states that in recent years, the number of deaths due to heart impairment has been higher in India than in other countries of the world. Some patients experience physical discomfort and see a cardiologist for treatment, while others have a sudden heart attack or stroke and require emergency cardiac care to avoid death.

Here are the top 5 common heart issues seen in Indians, along with the reasons behind their prevalence.

Top Familiar Heart Problems in India

• Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary heart disease, or ischemic heart disease, is a condition where the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked with a blood clot. It results in a cut off in the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscles. As healthy heart muscles play a crucial role in the heart's proper functioning, restricted blood flow is deadly. This is the most common reason behind a heart attack, heart failure, or stroke.

The common signs of coronary artery disease are chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, numbness/weakness, and pain. If these are caught early, the complications can be avoided. The condition can be treated with medications, lifestyle modifications, or angioplasty/coronary artery graft bypass surgery (if severe)

• Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic heart disease is a cardiac condition where the heart valves become damaged because of an inflammatory reaction to a strep throat infection. It is commonly seen in children, teenagers, and young adults with rheumatic fever in India.

In an individual suffering from the late stages of rheumatic heart disease, the symptoms are fatigue, shortness of breath, and heart palpitations. Symptoms of strep throat characterize early-stage strep throat infection and are treatable with antibiotics. For the later stage, certain medications are prescribed to reduce inflammation or manage arrhythmia. However, if the heart valve becomes severely damaged, a cardiologist recommends either heart valve repair or replacement surgery.

• Hypertensive Heart Disease

Hypertensive heart disease is a serious cardiac condition where persistent, unmanaged high blood pressure causes coronary artery disease, heart failure, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Its symptoms appear upon disease progression and include angina, shortness of breath, dizziness, heart palpitations, and swollen limbs. Monitoring blood pressure and taking prescription blood pressure-lowering medication along with a healthy lifestyle can help prevent it.

• Arrhythmia

Arrhythmia is marked by irregularity in the beating of the heart. Indians usually are diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, a type of arrhythmia where the upper heart chambers are not in sync with the lower heart chambers. It increases one’s risk of having a stroke, heart failure, and other heart health-related complications. Medications and lifestyle modifications are preventive and therapeutic measures. However, some patients need procedures like electrical cardioversion and catheter ablation to normalise the heart rhythm, and sometimes surgery.

• Heart Failure

Heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively to meet the oxygen and nutrient demands of the body. It is an outcome of pre-existing heart conditions like coronary artery disease, valve problems, cardiomyopathy, or hypertension. Treatments include medications, lifestyle modifications, some implantable devices like a pacemaker, and even surgeries, including a heart transplant (in case of end-stage heart failure).

Understanding factors such as bypass surgery cost in Delhi becomes significant when exploring surgical choices.

Where to receive Top-Notch Cardiac Care?

Dr. Sujay Shad is a reputed cardiothoracic surgeon and Heart Doctor in Delhi who practices at highly acclaimed heart hospital in India. He is renowned for providing prevention, precise diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and rehabilitation. His cardiac services are affordable, hearty, modern, and result-oriented. If you are in India and seeking care from a highly experienced heart surgeon, meet Dr. Sujay Shad.

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